Back-transfer mechanism for calculating machine



May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACKTRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5l, 1962 1l Sheets-Sheet l Ln fn m E m IE-IE| L May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5l, 1962 1l Sheets-Sheet 2 :IEmml May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 31, 1962 11 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 3l, 1962 11 Sheets-Sheet 4 May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed DSC. 31, 1.962 11 ShSBtS-Sheet 5 May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Deo. 51, 1962 4 11 sheets-sheet e May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5l, 196?. 11 Sheets-Sheet '7 2lO9 ZIO98 |09 O l.: IE| :LE-

May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Dec. 5l, 1962 :L: IIL-tu* :LEI

May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos l-:TAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed DGO. 51, 1962 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 May 3, 1966 A. J. MALAvAzos ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Deo.

ay 3, 1966 A. J. MALAVAZOS ETAL 3,249,301

BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Deo. 51, 1962 1l Sheets-Sheet ll ii r 3,249,301 BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINE Arthur .1. Malavazos, Hayward, and John W. Eamieson,

San Leandro, Calif., assignors to Friden, Inc., a corporation of California Filed Dec. 31, 1962, Ser. No. 248,343

6 Claims. (ci. 23S-14s) INDEX Co'l.

I. Conventional Mechanisms 3 1. Gene-ral Arrangement 4 2. Keyboard 4 (a) Keyboard Clearing 5 (b) Keyboard Lock 6 3. Selection Mechanism 7 4. Actuating Mechanism 7 5. Accumulator Mechanism 7 6. Clutch and Drive Mechanism 8 7. Carriage Shift S 8. Automatic Carriage Shifting 9 Il. Back-Transfer Mechanism 10 1. Value Cams and Sensors 10 2. Back-Transfer Key ll 3. Clear Keyboard 4. Operate Main Clutch and Motor 16 `5. Initiate Operation o-f Automatic Shifting Mechanism 17 6. Auxiliary, or Back-Transfer, Clutch 18 7. Set Sensing Mechanism 19- 8. Positioning Selection Bars 22 9. Terminate Machine Operation 23 10. Disabling Back-Transfer in Preselected Orders 24 This invention relates to a calculating machine, and more specifically to a mechanism therein which is effective to transfer values standing in the accumulator register into the selection mechanism.

It is one primary object of the present invention to provide what is often called la back-transfer mechanism for a calculating machine, i.e., a mechanism which can be selectively ope-rated to transfer a valuer accumulated in the accumulator, or product register, back into the selection mechanism, after which it can be used as a factor in subsequent problems.

The preferred embodiment of our invention is illustrated in the drawings. It is obvious that it utilizes a calculating machine of the type disclosed in the patent to Carl M. Friden, No. 2,229,889, issued January 28, 1941, as modied by certain other patents specifically mentioned hereafter and particularly the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907 issued July 24, 1962 to one of the inventors herein. The embodiment shown and described herein provides for a simplified mechanism, over that shown in the Malavazos patent just mentioned, for transferring the value from the accumulator, or product register into the selection mechanism. In this respect it omits the transfer from the counter register and it also omits the storage register of that patent. It will be seen that the mechanism herein shown and described provides for a much faste-r operation 'than in the Malavazos patent, as the transfer takes places in a single cycle of machine operation. Preferably, as was true of that patent, the preparation of the back-transfer control key lirst initiates operation of the tabulating, or `automatic carriage shifting, operation `so as to align selected orders of the register with the keyboardvbefore effecting the back-transfer operation. The preferred form of our invention provides that the factor so transferred into the .selection mechanism will be held thereV until released by nited States Patent operation of the keyboard clearing mechanism-either from the operator depressing the lcustomary keyboard clearing key, or by operation of the automatic single cycle, or add key, mechanism. Thus, the value can be used in repetitive operations, such as multiplication or division, or only once, as desired.

An important object of the present invention is to provide a back-transfer mechanism by means of which the transfer is accomplished through the operation of an auxiliary clutch and operating mechanism which automatically senses the value standing in the product register and sets the normal lselection actuating mechanism therefrom, thereby using, for the most part, conventional mechanisms in `a conventional manner and affording a back-transfer mechanism which does not require extensive modification of the existing calculating mechanisms.

Thus, the general object of the present invention is to provide a simple and relatively inexpensive mechanism which can be used to transfer a value from the product register into the selection mechanism, where it can be held as long as desired and may be used as often as is required, and which is operative in a single cycle of machine operation.,

It is contemplated that this feature will be associated With a mechanism for automatically aligningthe accumulator with the selection mechanism, so that a transfer is prevented until the register is first placed in a predetermined ordinal position with respect to the selection mechanism, the transfer mechanism operating when, and only when, the proper ordinal position has been reached. However, it will be obvious to those familiar with this art that such an automatic carriage shifting, or tabulating, operation is not essential to the invention described herein.

The present invention is concerned with these and other objects which will become apparent from a perusal of the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention which is shown in the accompanying drawings and in which:

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the machine with which our invention is preferably associated.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rear portion of the keyboard and selection mechanism, the actuator, and the register of the machine `shown n FIG. 1, together with a portion of the operating mechanism for sensing the value standing in the coordinal register dials.

FIG. 3 is a detail of the front end of the keyboard assembly (in effect, an extensionof the keyboard shown in FIG. 2), showing particularly the keyboard clearing mechanism. FIG. 4 is a `cross-sectional plan view taken on the planes parallel to the top of the keyboard and, for the most part, below the selection mechanism, as indicated by the lines 4-4 of FIG. 2.

FIG.- 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional View showing some of the mechanisms mounted on the right side of the right-hand frame plate, particularly the clutch mechanism and the automatic shifting controls required for the preferred form of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail of mechanism mounted on the front of the control plate showing particularly the clearing mechanism and mechanisms associated with the back-transfer key. v

FIGS. 7and 8 are details of the back-transfer key, shown in its two operative positions, and mechanism closely associated therewith, this mechanism being located a short distanceto the left of that shown in iF-IG. 6. .;LFIGS;` 9.a`nd 10. are Aenlarged ,details of the value cams for each order of the register and the sensor slides associated therewith, FIG. 9 showing the-mechanism registering and sensing a value of 1 and FIG. 10 showing the same parts when registering and sensing a value of 9.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged detail of a back-transfer blocking mechanism.

FIGS. 12 and 13 are Aright side views, partly in crosssection, showing the sensor actuators of one order of the machine, FIG. 112 showing the mechanism set to sense a value of l and FIG. 1'3 showing the mechanism when set to sense ya value of 9.

IFIG. 1'4 is a partial plan view of the carriage of the present machine with the cover removed, showing particularly the arrangement of the ordinal value cams, the sensors associated therewith, and the actuating means for actuating the sensors.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one orde-r of the register, the sensing mechanism associated therewith, and the means for actuating the various orders of the sensing mechanism.

FIG. 1-6 is -a front view of the actuating mechanism shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.

lFIG. 17 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in enlarged detail showing one order of the sensing mechanism and the associated selection bar, with the parts arranged in their inoperative position, as when registering a value of 0.

FIG. 1 8 is a right side view showing the auxiliary clutch and controls for operating `the drive mechanism used to operate the back-transfer mechanism.

IFIG. 19 is a left side view of the mechanism shown in FIG. 1'8, and also shows details of the back-transfer control key and associated mechanisms,

lFIG. 210 is -a detail of `the latch mechanism associated with the setting 1bail of FIG. 19.

FIIG. I2'1 is a plan view taken on a plane slightly above that of iFIG. 4 and showing particularly the selection bars and the means of the present invention for setting them during back-transfer operations.

I. CONVENTIONAL MECHANISM-S The present invention is applied, for purposes of eX- empli'cation, to a calculating machine of the general type shown and described in the patent to Carl M. Friden, No. 2,229,889, issued January 28, 1941. This basic construction ,in the preferred embodiment of the invention, has been lmodiiied and improved by the mechanism shown in the patent, No. 2,946,505, of Elwood A. Davis, issued July 26, 1960, relating to the automatic clearing of the registers in any ordinal position thereof; and the Patent No. 2,926,846 of Malavazos and another issued March l, 1960 relating to the direct automatic tabulation of the carriage with respect to the selection mechanism; and other patents not here pertinent.

Reference should also be made to the prior Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907 of July 24, 1962 as we prefer to use, and yhave shown herein, the following mechanisms which are taken substantially :without change from Ithe machine there described: the keyboard assembly and the control mechanisms associated therewith, su-ch as keyboard clearing, keyboard lock, and the add key mechanism; the carriage tabulating, or automatic shifting, mechanism necessary to effect a dividend entry or a back-transfer operation, the latter utilizing the engagement of an auxiliary clutch which operates the back-transfer mechanism when the carriage has been shifted to the selected ordinal position (such as is shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 19 of said prior patent); and the selection operating mechanism (such as is shown in FIGS. 20 to 23, inclusive, of that patent).

It will be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to incorporation in that particular machine as it can be incorporated in, or applied to, other calculating machines on the market, or could use other selection, tabulating, and operating mechanisms. It is, therefore, to be understood that the machine shown in the accompanying drawings and described herein is for purposes of exemplication only and that the invention is not limited thereto.

(1) General arrangement (FIGS. 1 to 4) It is customary yfor calculating machines (FIG. 1) to comprise a frame, or body portion, A upon which is mounted a register carriage B, the llatter `bein-g ordinally shiftable in either direction with respect to the body portion A. The body portion A is provided with a cover 50 through which project the various keys, such as the value keys S1 and the ordinal clearing, or 0, keys 62 which constitute the main keyboard, and various control keys, such as a plus bar 53, a subtraction key S4, an add key 55, a register clearing key 56, a key-board clearing key 57, a right'carriage shift key 58, a left carriage shift key 59, a keyboard locking key 60, and a dividend entry, or tabulating key 6|1. The machine used for exemplication of the present invention also normally includes a multiplication mechanism, including multiplier value keys 63 arranged as a separate keyboard on the lower left-hand Acorner of the machine, as described in the patents to Friden, Nos. 2,371,752 of March 20, I1945 or 2,399,917 of May 7, 1946, and the associated multiplier control keys, such as a normal multiplication key 64, an accumulate multiply key 65, or a negative multiply key 616.

A cover 75 of .the carriage B contains a plurality of ordinally .arranged windows 76 through which are visible the accumulator, =or product register, dials 190 and another series of ordinally .a-nranged windows 77 through which are visible .the counter, or quotient, register dials 194. In the preferred machine the carriage will also contain a plurality of ordinally arranged tabulator buttons 78 which control .the ordinal position `to which the carriage will be automatically shifted in certain operations, some of which will be described hereinafter.

The operating mechanism of the lmachine is, for the most part, supported upon a main frame which includes a base (FIGS. 5 to 8), right side frame 86 (FIGS. 4 and 5), an intermediate `fra-me plate `87 (FIGS. 4 and 2l), and a left side fframe (not shown in these gures, but lying to the left of the intermediate plate y87). The two side frames are interconnected and braced by a plurality of crossbars 89, 90, 91 and 92 near vthe rear of the machine. Similarly, the front portion of lthe machine is braced by a crossbar 93 (FIGS. 18, 19 and 2l) which extends between the right iframe 86 and the intermediate, or auxiliary, frame plate 87. Most of the operating parts are mounted upon :this iframe and particularly (insofar as the present invention is concerned) upon the rig-ht side frame 86.

fIt should be mentioned that, -for the sake of brevity, many mechanisms which are customary in machines of this kind, such as the multiplying mechanism, `the division mechanism, power controls, and the like, are not described herein as they are not pertinent to the present invention. Those parts which are commonly found in machines of the type shown herein, or have |been described in the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907, and which only indirectly relate to .the operation of this machine, will be described as brielly as possible; and those mechanisms which lare Vdirectly related Vto the operation of the invention w-ill be described more in detail. It will be understood, therefore, that we assume .that our invention will be associated with a fully automatic calculating machine which has the usual features, such as those mentioned, but that, for the sake of brevity, we will limit our description of known elements -to those 'which directly or indirectly relate to the operation of our machine or those mechanisms which must be modified in their operation in order to provide for the most satisfactory operation of lthe mechanism of our invention.

(2) Keyboard (FIGS. 2 and 3) Preferably, the keyboard of the lpresent machine is that disclosed in FIGS. 3 to 5 of the Malavazos patent, No.

3,045,907. The keys 511 are mounted on key stems `100 (FIG. 2) which are slidably mounted in a keyboard frame 101. The individual keys are resiliently biased to a raised position by means of compression springs 102 placed around the upper part of each key stem and seated against the top of the keyboard frame and the bottom of the key top. A depressed key is latched in an operative position by means of ordinal latch slide 103, slots of which encompass each key stem. Each key carries a cam nose i104 which, when a key is depressed, moves the latch slide rearwardly to release a depressed key of that order. When the key is depressed .to its fully operative position, a notch 105 registers with the .lat-ching slide, whereupon the latching slide snaps forwardly, under force of its spring 106, to latch the key in the depressed position. Each key ste-m carries a pin 107 riveted thereon adjacent its lower end, which pin sets the selection bars Idescribed in detail in Section 3, Selection Mechanism, below.

The ordinal 0, or clearing key 52 is aligned with each order of value vkeys 51. The stem of this key is provided with a cam nose, similar to nose `104 of the value keys, for forcing ethe latching slide 103 rearwardly :to release any latched key of that order. The "0 key has no latching notch, s-o that it cannot be latched in its depressed position. This key also serves as an ordinal keyboard lock if the key is lifted rather than depressed, as suggested by the patent to Friden et al., No. 2,346,834, of April 18, 1944, but preferably of much simpler form. When this key is lifted, a shoulder at the bottom end of the key stem is raised into the slot in the coordinal latch, thereby ypreventing movement of ythe latch to Irelease any key which may be depressed in that order. The raisin-g of the key -52 also, by means of ear y1-11, lift-s a keyboard clearing link 130 (described in subsection (a) below) to an inoperative position. This ordinal clear key is de` tented in its raised position by any suitable detent, such as the detent 109 shown.

(a) Keyboard clearing- The entire keyboard can be cleared by the keyboa-rd clear key 57 (FIG. 1). Normally a key which has been latched in a depressed position will -be released lby operation of any other key in that order, or by depression of the ordinal 0 key 52. However, if several orders are to be cleared, the keyboard clear key `57 (FIG. l) usually will be depressed, and this is effective to move all of the ordinal latching slides i103 rearwardly to release all of the keys of the keyboard. The key 57 is normally mounted on the side frame `86 (see FIG. 6) for vertical movement, and is resiliently biased ,to -a raised position. Its lower end overlies a bel-lcrank 1'15 which is rigidly mounted on a clearing shaft 1116 (see also FIGS. 7, 8 and 19). Thus, depression of the :clear key 57 will rock the shaft 116 (clockwise in FIGS. `6 to 8, or counterclockwise in FIG. 19). The upper Iarm of the 'bellcrank 1-15 is pointed .and lies within a notch |117 formed in the lower end of an arm 1118 that is mounted on the right side frame plate `86 by any suitable means, such as pivot stud 119. The lower end of the .ar-m |118 carries a pin 120 (see particularly FIGS. 6 and 7) that extends through an aperture in t-he frame plate 86. The leftwardly extending end of this pin 120 lies in the rear end of a slot i121 in a keyboard release link 122 (see also FIG. 19).

The link |122 is supported on the left face, or inside of, the right-hand `frame plate 86 by any lsuitable means, such as strut, or be'llcrank, 123 (FIG. 19) to which it is connected by some suitable mounting, such .as pin 124. 'Ihe be-llcrank 123 is supported on the left side of the right frame member 86 by any suitable pivot stud, such 'as a long stud 12S. A spring 126, tensioned between the bellcrank and the frame, rocks the bellcrank (clockwise in FIG. 19) and, therefore, bia-ses the link 122 forwardly. Obviously, the front end of the link is supported by the pin 120 which llies within the slot 1121 of the link. The link carries a leftwardly extending pin -127 which is wall of the keyboard frame.

b adapted to engage the clearing, or keyboard restoring, mechanism contained within the keyboard assembly.

The clearing mechanism of the keyboard assembly is shown in FIG. 3 and includes a square shaft 128 which is journalled in the side frames of the keyboard frame 101. In each order of the keyboard the shaft 12S carries an arm 129, to which is pivotally connected a link 130. The forward end of each link is .provided with a downwardly extending nose 131 which extends througli a notch 132 in the coordinal latching slide 103. Thus, the rocking of the shaft 128 and arms 129 (counterclockwise in FIG. 3) pulls the links 130 rearwardly. In the normal position of a link 130, to which each is resiliently biased by a spring 133, the downwardly extending nose 131 thereof engages the notch 132 of the coordinal latch slide 103. Hence the reciprocation of the link 130 pulls the latch slide 103 rearwardly against the force of its respective spring. This operation is secured by means of an arm 134 (FIG. 19) fixed to the right-hand end of the shaft 128, and lying to the right side of the keyboard frame. 'Ihis arm 134 is engaged by the pin 127, so that rearward motion of the link `122 rocks the clearing assembly (clockwise in FIG. 19 and counterclockwise in FIG. 3).

It is customary to provide machines of the type disclosed herein with an add key mechanism which is operative to clear the keyboard with each cycle of operation. Such a meohansim need not be described as it does not affect operation of the present invention. In the present invention the back-transfer of a valuev from the accumulator register dials into the selection mechanism latches the selection mechanism in the proper value position later in the cycle than the operation of the add key mechanism. Thus the operation of the add key mechanism, assuming it is set to its operative condition, cannot effect the setting of the selection mechanisms in the back-transfer operation, for they are held in their adjusted position by another means to be described in Section II. However, at the end of the first cycle of operation following the transfer of values, the keyboard will be cleared and the transferred value released if the add key mechanism is set for operation.

(b) Keyboard lock-The preferred form of our invention includes the well-lknolwtl keyboard lock key 601 which, when rocked forwardly from the position shown in FIG.` l, is effective to lock the keyboard against any operation, either the setting of a value key or the release of one that is already latched. The mechanism which is operated by this key is unimportant in the present invention and will not be described, but it will be noted here that an interlock is provided to prevent operation of the back-transfer key when the keyboard lock is in its operative position, or to move the keyboard locking key after the back-transfer key has been operated.

Likewise, it is desirable that the well-known 0 keys 52 be used as ordinal locks, whereby the lifting of a 0 key will lock that order against operation, whether that operation be the entry of a value therein or the release of a depressed key. As shown in FIG. 3, each 0 key 52 has the cam nose 104 of the other keys, but does not have a latching notch. It does have a detent 109 to latch the key in its raised position, and is similar to that in FIG. 3 of the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907, already mentioned. It also has a forwardly projecting nose 108 which extends through an aperture in the front The nose 108 engages the lower edge of an angular bail which is pivotally mounted on a transverse bar 141 which is used primarily for locking the keyboard assembly into the machine as it extends through projecting ears inl the side plates of the keyboard frame and is rigidly fastened to the right frame plate 86 and the intermediate frame plate 87. A spring 142 biases the bail rearwardly (clockwise in FIG. 3) but the detenting of a 0 key 52 in its upper, or locking, position rocks the bail counter-clockwise. It can be noted here that the right-hand leg o-f the bail is formed as a forwardly extending hook 143 which is utilized to prevent operation of the back-transfer key when the bail is rocked, and such rocking results when any one of the keys is lifted to the keyboard locking position.

(3) Selection mechanism (FIGS. 2, 18 and 19) The selection mechanism preferably is that shown in the Friden patent, No. 2,229,889, previously mentioned. It comprises a pair of V-notched bars 150 and 151 for each order of the keyboard-the bar 150 serving the l to 4 keys and the bar 151 serving the 5 to 9 keys. Each of these bars is mounted on a pair of struts 152, and each is provided with differentially sloping V- notches, or cam faces, 153 adapted to be engaged by the pins 107 of the respective value keys. Each bar is pr-ovided at its rear end with a penpendicularly extending yoke adapted to engage an annular notch in the collar of a respective selection gear 154 or 15S. Each ordinal pair of these gears is mounted on a common selection, 'r square shaft, 156, all of which are journalled in the crossbars 89, 90 and 91. It is obvious that the depression of the various value keys 51, through the action of the pin 107 on the associated cam face '153, will translate a' selection bar 150 or 151 forwardly an amount determined by the key depressed, and such translation of the selection bar moves the related selection gear 154 or 155' axially along the square shaft a corresponding differential amount. When the various keys `are latched in an operative, or lower, position, the key holds the corresponding selection bar in the adjusted position against the force of a light spring 157 (FIGS. 18 and 19) which normally biases the bars to a 0 or inoperative position.

(4) Actuatng mechanism (FIG. 2)

The actuating mechanism is that of the Well-known Thomas-type machine, such as described in the Friden and Malavazos patents above-mentioned. Briefly, it comprises an actuator drum 160 (FIG. 2) for each order of the machine. These drums are composed of teeth of differing yaxial lengths, so that the differential positioning of the selection gears 154 or 155 will place the respective gear in alignment with the number of teeth corresponding to the value of the key. In the preferred construction, a pair of actuator `drums 160 are mounted on 'a common shaft 161, so as to serve a pair of orders. 'Ilhese shafts `and the accumulator drums are driven `from a common drive shaft :162 through a pair of miter gears 163. It is obvious that the rotation of the main drive shaft 162 will drive `all of the actuator drums 160, thereby imparting increments of rotational movement to the ordinal square shafts 156 depending upon the position of one or the other of the coordinal selection gears 154 or 155.

This differential rotational movement is used to rotate the accumulator dials through the medium of a digitation control spool 164 slidably mounted on the rear end of the square shaft. Each of these spools carries an additive gear 165 and .a subtractive gear 166, both of which yare adapted to register with a coordinal accumulator gear 192. The digitation control spool 164, and hence the -additive and subtractive gears 165 and 166, are positioned `by means of .a bail 167 which is fixed to a digitation control shaft 16S. By means of controls not here pertinent, the shaft 16S can be rocked to position the digitation c-ontrol sleeve 164 to enter 4a value determined by the setting of the selection mechanism additively or subtractively into the accumulator dials, at the will of the operator.

(5) Accumulator` mechanism (FIGS. 2, 14 and 15) The accumulator register is mounted in the shiftable carriage B. The framework o-f the carriage, as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 14, comprises a frame bar 180 and a front rail 181 held in properly spaced relationship by a pair of end plates 182. ln the preferred form of the machine, the carriage B is hinged on a bar 183 mounted in the side frames of the machine, the bearings in the end plates allowing axial motion as well as rotary. The carriage rail 181 rides upon suitable bearing rollers 184 which are mounted on the crossbas 92. This construction allows for easy lateral movement of the carriage B and also permits it to be lifted for adjustment of the machine.

The product register comprises a series o-f ordinal dials 190, each of which is mounted on the upper end of Va dial shaft 191. The dial shafts are journalled in the carriage from bar 180, the dials lying above the frame bar and being viewable through windows 76 and in the carriage cover 75. An accumulator gear 192 is mounted on the lower end of each dial shaft 191, lbelow the bottom of the frame bar, which gear is adapted to be driven by either the positive gear 165 or the subtractive gear 166, already mentioned.

In the present invention each dial shaft 191 carries a value cam 193 rigidly secured thereto, and preferably mounted above the top of the frame bar and below the dial 190. This cam will be described more in detail hereafter. Preferably, alternate cams 193 are staggered vertically on their respective dial shafts 191 so that they can be of the greatest possible diameter in view of the ordinal spacing of the dial.

It will be understood that the accumulator register dials are provided with tens-transfer mechanisms which preferably are of the Well-known construction shown in the Friden and Malavazos patents hereinbefore mentioned. Since the tens-transfer mechanism is not utilized in the `back-transfer operation of the present invention, it will not be described. Likewise, it will be understood that the carriage B carries la plurality of ordinally arranged counter dials 194 which are viewable through window 77 in the carriage cover 50. Again, the counter plays no part in the present invention, so that its construction and operation by a well-known Aactuator Will not be described.

(6) Clutch and drive mechanism (FIG. 5)

In the preferred embodiment of our machine, the various mechanisms are driven 'by an electric motor (not shown) which, through pinion 200 (FIG. 5) and idler gear 201, drives a clutch driving gear 202 rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 162. Adjacent the gear 202 is a clutch plate 203 Arigidly secured to the drive shaft 162. A clutch dog 204 on the clutch plate 203 is resiliently biased into engagement with a ratchet gear carried by the driving gear 202 to drive the driven plate 203 and hence the drive shaft 162. This type of yclutch is so well known it will not be further described.

It is important to note that the position of the clutch dog 204 is controlled by a pawl 205 which is rotatably mounted on the right side frame 86 by lany suitable means, such as a pivo-t stud 206. A link 207 connects the upper end of the pawl to a two-armed lever 208, also pivotally mounted on the frame plate 86, by any suitable means, such as pivot stud 209. A switch control link 210 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the lever 208, so that `the rocking of either the lever 208 or pawl 205 (clockwise in FIG. 5) pulls the switch control link 210 forwardly and thereby closes the mot-or switch. The important thing to notice in connection with this mechanism is that the operation of either the clutch or the switch simultaneously operates the other. Normally, however, the mechanism is held with the clutch pawl 205 engaging the clutch dog 204, and hence holding the clutch disengaged and the motor switch open, by a suitable spring 211 tensioned between a clutch-operating link 212 and a suitable stud on the frame plate (not shown).

(7) 'Carriage shift (FIGS. 2 and 4) It has been previously been mentioned that the carriage B (FIG. l) is shiftable in either direction with respect to the frame, or body A of the machine. This shifting can be controlled by power from the operation of the manually operated shift keys 58 and 59 and also in certain automatic operations, one of which will be described hereinafter. The mechanism for shifting the carriage is shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 4 and is essentially that shown and described in the patent to Carl M. Friden et al., No. 2,380,642, issued on Iuly 31, 1945, as modified lby the clutch mechanism shown in the patent to Matthew, No. 2,679,916, issued on June 1, 1954. This mechanism has been so often described that it will not be described in detail. It is believed suicient to note that a leftward shifting of the carriage is secured by operation of a left shift clutch 220 (FIG. 4) and right shifting is controlled through a right shift clutch 221. Both are operated through the gearing shown to rotate a shift plate 222, pins 223 of which engage notches 224 (FIG. 2) in a shift rack 225. By means of this mechanism, a shift of one ordinal space in either direction is accomplished in each cycle of machine operation. If further description of this mechanism is desirable, reference is made to the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907, 'where this mechanism is described in Columns 22 to 24, inclusive.

(8) Automatic carriage shifting (FIGS. 5 and 18) The preferred embodiment of our invention includes an automatic shifting or,-as it is sometimes called, a carriage tabulating mechanism. This is a mechanism for automatically shifting the carriage to a preselected ordinal position in certain operations, such as the entry of a dividend, in a preselected ordinal position. Originally, such mechanisms were used to shift the carriage to a desired ordinal position and thereupon enter a dividend into the accumulator, such as is shown in the patent to Carl M. Friden et a1., No. 2,403,273 of Iuly 2, 1946. In the present invention it is desired to use the automatic shifting mechanism without clearing of the register, as was described in the Friden patent, or normally used in earlier machines, orvthe entry of the keyboard factor into the register as soon as the carriage had reached the desired preselected ordinal position. In the present invention we prefer to use an automatic carriage shifting, or tabulating, mechanism to shift the carriage to a preselected ordinal position before operating the back-transfer mechanism, for, by such means, we have been enabled to automatically lback-transfer values around a preselected ordinal position of the selection mechanism. We prefer to modify the tabulating mechanism shown in the Friden patent and use that shown and described in the Malavazos patent, No. 2,926,846, issued March 1, 1960, and also shown and described in the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907, as this mechanism provides means for shifting from any carriage position directly to any other carriage position by the shortest possible means and in the fewest number of cycles. It will understood that this automatic shifting mechanism is not essential to a back-transfer operation but, when combined with the mechanism of the present invention, it provides means for entering the register value, or selected orders of the register value, into the selection mechanism -around a preselected decimal pointboth shifting Vand the backtrans fer operations being secured by operation of the single back-transfer key.

It is customary, as shown in the Friden patent, No. 2,403,273 and the Malavazos patent, No. 2,926,846, to provide a series of ordinally spaced tabulator buttons, or keys, 78 (FIG. l) to enable the operator to select the predetermined ordinal position to which the carriage is to be shifted. In view of the fact that these mechanisms have previously been described in detail, it is deemed unnecessary to describe them again. It should be noted, however, that the automatic shifting operation is initiated by the rocking of a bail 230 (FIG. 18) which corresponds to the bail 578 shown in FIG. 18 of Patent No. 3,045,907, or the unnumbered bail integral with bellcrank lever 261 shown in FIGS. 3 and 9 of Patent No. 2,926,846. The

bail 230 is rocked clockwise to initiate the automatic tabulatingoperation. The means by which this is secured from the depression of the dividend entry key 61 (FIG. 1) is not pertinent and, therefore, need not be described. The mechanism which it opeartes has been adequately described in the two Malavazos patents above-mentioned and it is, therefore, deemed unnecessary to repeat the description of this means.

It should be noted, however, that in the normal dividend entry operation the shifting of the carriage B into the preselected ordinal position determined by depression of one of the tabulator buttons '78 is effective to unlatch an operating hammer 231 (FIG. 5). In the present invention an auxiiiary hammer 232 is associated with this hammer 231. Both of these hammers are rotatably mounted on a single pivot stud 233 and both are under the force of strong springs (biasing them in a counterclockwise direction in this figure), not shown herein but adequately described in the patents mentioned. These hammers normally are held in an inoperative position by means of a latch 234, the latch being operated during the cycle of operation in which the carriage is shifted to the preselected ordinal position.

In the present invention, as was true in the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907, a block 235 normally prevents release of the hammer 232.` The block 235 in the present invention takes the form of a three-armed bellcrank lever pivotally mounted on right frame plate 86 by any suitable means, such as pivot stud 236. In a back-transfer operation this three-armed lever is rocked (clockwise in this figure) so that the arm rises to release the roller 237 on hammer 232 and to block movement of the stud 238 on hammer 231-thereby blocking operation of hammer 231 and releasing hammer 232 for operation when the preselected ordinal position of the carriage has been reached.

` II. BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM There are basically two types of back-transfer mechanisms: (a) the type in which the register from which the value is to be transferred is connected to the storage mechanism and the value cleared from the register while being set into the storage mechanism; and (b) the type in which the value standing in the register is sensed, usually by means of a sensor engaging a value cam affixed to each order of the register, and `the value so sensed is set into the storage or selection mechanisms. The present invention relates to the second type mentioned, and in this respect differs radically from the mechanism shown in the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907, although many of the mechanisms of that patent are used herein. In the present machine, each dial shaft carries a value cam. In a back-transfer operation, the cam is sensed by a sensingmechanism which simultaneously operates the selection bars 150, 151 whereby they are set to a value position `corresponding to the value in the coordinal register dial, and the selection bars are then latched in the adjusted position. In theV present invention this transfer operation is accomplished in a single cycle of machine operation.

(I) Value cams and sensors (FIGS. 2, 9, 10, 14 and 15) It has already been mentioned that each dial shaft 191 carries a value cam 193 affixed thereto. The shape of these cams is best shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, It will be seen that these cams closely resemble the cam shown in the Malavazos patent, No. 2,911,142 of November 3, 1959, with particular reference to FIG. 17 thereof. This type of cam is particularly `designed to set one or the other of a pair of selection bars 150, 151 to Va value position. The cams of the present invention are modilied slightly from those of that patent, as will be described in the second following paragraph. Such cams are designed for use with a pair of sensors 300 and 301 in each order, one sensor for each selection bar or 151. These sensors will be operative to set the respective I 1 coordinal selection bars 150 and 151, as will be explained in section 7 below.

Both sensors are biased to a forward and inoperative position by means of springs 302 tensioned between an ear on the sensor and the front carriage rail, as shown in FIG. 14. These sensors are mounted for longitudinal movement in the machine by means of slots 303 (FIGS. 9 and l0) in the sensors 300 and 301 embracing a pin 304 aixed to a plate 185 (best shown in FIG. 14) axed to the carriage frame bar 180 and apertures in the front carriage rail 181. The forward ends of the sensors are formed as tongues 308 and 309, respectively, which project forwardly through the notches in the front carriage rail 181 (best shown in FIG. 14 but also shown in FIGS. 2 and 15) whereby the sensors are held against lateral displacement but are free to move longitudinally in the machine. As best shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the sensors preferably are placed one over the other-in the modification shown the sensor 300 for the values 1 to 4 being lowermost and the sensor 301 for the values 5 to 9 being uppermost. Both sensors are provided with an aperture 305 in order to enable the counter dial 194 to be viewable therethrough. Each sensor is provided at its rear end with a small vertical ear 306 or 307, respectively, adapted to engage the periphery of the coordinal value cam 193.

Each cam 193 is provided with an arc 310 of major radius which is representative of a value of and which is adapted to block any substantial movement of both sensors when the dial assembly, including the cam, stands at a 0 position. Proceeding clockwise from the 0 arc 310, the cam is provided with four narrow notches 311, 312, 313 and 314, respectively, of differentially increasing depth. The increments by which these notches increase in depth preferably are identical to the increments of movement of the l to 4 selection bar 150 as it moves from 0 through a 1 to a 4 position. These notches are separated by short arcs 320 of the same radius as the 0 section 310, each of which is so positioned as to block movement of the 5 to 9 sensor 301 whenever the dial assembly stands at values of l to 4, inclusive. FIG. 9 shows the sensing of a value of l and shows particularly the movement of the l to 4 sensor 300 one increment and the blocking of movement of the sensor 301.

Continuing in a clockwise direction, the cam is provided with ve steps 315 to 319, inclusive, of incrementally decreasing radius-the increments by which the radius is decreased being preferably identical with the increments of movement of the 5 to 9 selection bar 151 as it moves from 0 to register values of 5 to 9, inclusive: As both selection bars are normally designed to use identical increments, this means that the radius of the step 315 is identical with that of notch 311; the radius of step 316 is identical with that of notch 312; the radius of step 317 is identical with that of notch 313; the radius of step 318 is identical with that of notch 314; and the radius of step 319 is one increment less than that of notch 314. Throughout these steps 315 to 319, inclusive, both sensors 300 and 301 can be permitted to move, so that the selection bar 150 will register values of l to 4 as the selection bar 151 registers values of 5 to 8, respectively, and in the 9 position will lie forwardly of the associated actuator 160. In the Thomas- `type machine it is customary to align the teeth of the actuator so that the trailing tooth in each section is in alignment. Thus, a setting of l in the selection bar 150 and a setting of 5 in the selection bar 151 does not cause any jamming, for the greater value is always registered. This setting of the sensors for the higher values is shown particularly in FIG. 10, which shows the sensors sensing a value of 9 on the cam 193.

(2) Back-transfer key (FIGS. 6 t0 8, 19 and 21) A key 330 which controls operation of the back-transfer operation preferably is located at the lower right-hand corner of the keyboard (FIG. l), adjacent the keyboard clear key 57. We prefer that this key be mounted on a lever 331 (FIGS. 7 and 8) which is journalled on a transverse shaft 332 which is loosely mounted in the frame plates 86 and 87. The lever 331 is formed with a tail 333 extending downwardly from the shaft 332 in order that it can strike against a shaft 443 and act as a stop to prevent rearward movement of the key 330 beyond its normal inoperative position shown in FIGS. 7 and 19. The lever 331 adjacent the key top 330 carries a live hook 334 which is suitably mounted thereon, such as by the pivot pin, or rivet, 335. This live hook is biased downwardly (clockwise in FIGS. 7 and 8) by a suitable spring 336 tensioned between a stud 337 riveted to the arm and the shaft 332.

A second spring 338 tensioned between stud 337 and a stud on the frame plate (not shown) biases the assembly rearwardly to the position shown in full lines in FIG. 7 and in dotted lines in FIG. 8. When the key 330 is in its normal position shown in FIGS. 7 and 19, the back-transfer mechanism is inoperative-the back-transfer operation being initiated by pulling the key 330 forwardly (clockwise in FIG. 19 and counter-clockwise in FIGS. 7 and 8).

The key 330 is latched in its operative position by some suitable means. Such a latching means can comprise a forwardly projecting arm 341 on key 330 which has a perpendicularly extending ear 342 at its forward end. A latching arm 345 is pivotally mounted on a shaft 346 journalled in the side frames 86 and 87. The latch arm 345 is resiliently biased rearwardly to a latching position by any suitable means, such as a spring 347 tensioned between a seat in the latching arm 345 and a shaft 348. A hook, or shoulder, 349 formed in the upper edge of the arm 345 is adapted to engage the ear 342 when the key 330 and its lever 331 are rocked from the inoperative position shown in FIG. 7 to the operative position shown in FIG. 8. This latch 345 remains effective until it is operated by the keyboard clear key 57, as will be described in the next section.

The live hook 334 is formed with a notch, or shoulder 339 adapted to engage an ear 363 formed on the upper arm 361 of a second lever 360. Normally the live arm 334 is biased to its lower position in which the shoulder 339 engages the ear 363, so that the operation of the key 330 and its lever 331 will also operate the second lever 360 (FIG. 19). However, the arm can be lifted, as will be explained hereinafter in section 7, in order to allow the latching of the back-transfer key in its operative position but to release the power mechanisms which are controlled by its movement. Behind the notch 339, the hook 334 is provided with a long cam edge 340 in order to prevent the overrocking of the live arm 334 when it is released.

In the description of the keyboard clearing mechanism it was mentioned that the depression of the keyboard clear key 57 (FIG. 6) rocked the shaft 116 (clockwise in this gure). This shaft, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 19, carries an arm 350 located immediately adjacent the latching arm 345. A pin 351 on the free end of this arm is adapted to engage a tail 352 of the latch arm 345 when the shaft 116 is rocked (counter-clockwise in FIG. 19 and clockwise in FIGS. 7 and 8) from depression of the keyboard clear key 57. Such action of the pin 351 upon the tail 352 rocks the latch arm 345 to its releasing position, and thereby releases the back-transfer key 330 so that it can be restored to its inoperative position by the force of spring 338.

The second lever 360 is also journalled on the shaft 332, and lies immediately adjacent the first lever 331. The upper arm 361 of this second lever 360 carries t-he laterally extending ear 363 which normally lies in the notch 339 of the live hook 334. It is obvious that normally the rocking of the back-transfer lever 331 from the rearward inoperative position shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to the full line position shown in FIG. 8 will pull the lever 360 with it. It can be noted that in FIG. 8 the lever 360 is shown in its normal position, which occurs upon the operation of the back-transfer clutch, to be described hereinafter in section 6 entitled Auxiliary, or Back-Transfer, Clutch. However, it will be understood that the lever 360 is rocked with the lever 331 to initiate the back-transfer operation, and that the connection between the two levers will be broken during the backtransfer operation. The operation of the mechanism that effects the back-transfer is caused by the rocking of the second lever 360, and hence the back-transfer mechanism can be Vreturned to its inoperative position although the back-transfer key 330 is latched in its operative position to signify that a value has been transferred from the accumulator register into the selection mechanism.

It should be noted here that the lever 360 is pulled to the rearward position shown in FIG. 8 by means of a spring 367 tensioned between a spring seat on a link 364 which is pivotally connected to the upper arm 361 of lever 360 by some suitable means, such as rivet 366. The link 364 is used as an interlock with the keyboard lock key 60, as will be explained in subsection 3 hereinafter.

The rocking of the lever 360 (clockwise in FIG. 19 and counter-clockwise in FIGS. 7 and 8) is utilized to initiate the back-transfer operation, including the preliminary shifting operation necessary to shift ythe carriage to the desired ordinal position. This is readily secured by means of a pin 365 which is riveted to, or otherwise rigidly secured on, the lower end of the lower arm 362 'of lever 360. This pin 365 lies in a notch 380 formed in the upper end of an arm 381 (FIG. 19). The arm 381 is rigidly secured on the left end of a short shaft 382 which is journalled in a U-shapcd bearing bracket bracket 383 which is rigidly mounted on the base plate 85.

The right end of shaft 382, and the lever assembly mounted thereon, are shown in PIG. 6. A short arm 38'4 is rigidly secured on the right end of the shaft. Preferably the arm 384 is formed as a bellcrank with one arm extending upwardly and a second arm extending rearwardly. The rearwardly extending arm carries a pin `390 primarily utilized as a spring seat for springs to be hereinafter mentioned. The upper leg of the bellcrank 38'4 carries a pin (not shown herein) which supports a linkage effective to position interlocks (likewise not shown herein) which prevent operation of other control keys when the back-tranfer lever is pulled forwardly to its operative position.' In view of the fact that the preferred interlock is of conventional construction, it is deemed unnecessary to illustrate this mechanism. The upper arm of the bellcrank 384 also carries a pivot stud 386 upon which is mounted a pair of levers 387 and 388 which, in effect, form a scissors arrangement mounted on the stud. The lever 387 extends rearlwardly and is biased downwardly by a spring 385 tensioned between a seat in the lever and pin 390. The rear end of this lever is formed with a shoulder' 391 adapted to engage a pin 401 on an unlatching lever 400. The other leg 388 of the scissors extends upwardly and carries an ear 392 which overlies the upper edge of arm 387. A spring 389 tensioned between projections of the two legs 387 and 388 of the scissors resiliently biases the two members to the closed position shown in FIG. 6, in which the ear 392 engages the upper edge of the lever 387. In view of the fact that the arm 387 is pulled downwardly by its spring 385, the upper arm 388 is rocked to the clockwise position shown in this figure. It can be noted, however, that when the arm 388 is forcibly rocked forwardly (counter-clockwise in this tig-ure), the force of spring 389 will lift arm 387 against the force of spring 385 as spring 389 is the stronger of the two.

The latch lever 400 is associated with the arm 387 and is adapted to be operated by the rearward translation of arm 387 when the shaft 382 is rocked (clockwise in FIG. 6) by operation of the back-transfer key. The pin 4011 riveted to the lower end of the lever is normally engaged by the shoulder 391 on the rear end of scissors leg 387. This lever 400 is pivotally mounted on a short shaft 402 extending between a right-hand contro-l plate 94 and a bracket 95 mounted thereon. lThe upper end of the lever is formed vsn'th a shoulder 403 which normally engages a pin 410 carried on the rearwardly extending leg of a hack-transfer initiating hammer 4111.1. The lever 400 is rocked to a latching position (the clockwise position shown in FIG. 6) by any suitable means, such as a spring 404 tensioned between the pin 401 and pin 390. In this position, the shoulder 403 of latching lever 400 holds the pin 410 and the hammer 411 in the latched and inoperative position shown in this figure.`

The initiating hammer 411 is pivotally mounted on a pivot stud 412 which also extends between, and is mounted in, the bracket 9-5 and the right-hand control plate 94. This lever preferably assumes the shape of a three-armed bellcrank, the rearwardly extending leg of which carries the pin 410 already mentioned. The upwardly extending leg preferably is formed with a laterally extending ear 4:13 which is adapted to engage a rubber bumper 414 carried on the bracket 95 to limit the throw of the hammer 411.

This upper arm of the hammer 41-1 also is pivotally connected to a restore link 415 `by any suitable means, such as screw stud 416. The rear end of the link 415 is provided with a slot 4417 which embraces a wide-headed pin 418 to support the rear end of the link. A strong spring 419 is tensioned between a pin on the link 415 and the pin 418 to pull the link 415 rearwardly and hence rock the hammer 411 (clockwise in FIG. 6). The extreme rear end of the link 415 is provided with a downwardly extending shoulder 420 which is engaged by a pin 421 riveted to, or otherwise rigidly secured on, a gear 422 lwhich forms one of the conventional drive gears of the machine with which our invention is preferably associated. When the hammer 41 1 is released by unlatching of lever 400, the strong spring 419 snaps the link 415 rearwardly and hence rocks the hammer 411 (clockwise in this figure) with considerable force to operate the several mechanisms of the complete back-transfer operation which otherwise woud have to be done by the operation of the key 330. It will be obvious that as the ygear 422 is given one complete rotation in each cycle of machine operation, the link 415 will be pushed forwardly at the end of the cycle, thereby rocking the hammer 4111 to the position shown (at the end of the `first cycle of operation following the operation of the control key 330). By this time, the latching arm `400 is released from control by lever 387, so that the hammer can be latched in the position shown at this time.

The release arm of the hammer 41|1 is effective: to clear the keyfboard keys 5'1 by operting the keyboard clear mechanism (as will be described in section 3 below); to cause engagement of the main clutch (as will Ibe described in section 4 below); to oper-ate the automatic shifting, or tabulating, mechanism to provide for operation of the back-transfer mechanism when the carriage reaches the desired ordinal position (described in section 5 be-lofw); and to release the latch lever 400 fro-m control by lever 387 (to be described in the immediately following paragraph).

It has been mentioned that the hammer 4111 is restored at the end of the first cycle of operation following operation of the back-transfer key 330. This is readily accomplished by means of a link 430, the main purpose of which is to control the setting of the tabulating mechanism, as described in section 5 below. The fonward en'd of this link is provided with a slot 431 which embraces a pin 423 secured on the lower'end of the third leg of the hammer 411. The forward end of the link 430 carries an ear 432 which serves two purposes: as a seat for a spring 433 which normally holds the link 430 in the rearward position shown, but which, after the link 430 is .latched in the operative position, permits the hammer 411 to be latched in its inoperative position; and as an abutment for striking the upper end of the scissors leg 388 to rock this leg (counter-clockwise in this ligure) as the link 430 moves forwardly when the hammer 41-1 is released. Such rocking of leg 388 tensions spring 389 and thereby lifts the arm 387 to release pin 401 and thereby enables the hammer 411 to be relatched in its inoperative position.

It will be understood that the back-transfer key 330 is latched in its forwand, or operative, position by the latch 345, as shown in FIG. 8, and will remain latched until the back-transfer value is cleared from the selection mechanism and the machine returned to its normal condition. Such latching of the back-transfer key 330 in the forward or operative position, of course, rocks the shaft 382 and hence arm 384 clockwise from the position shown in FIG. 6. The latching of the key, of course, holds the arm 384 in the rocked and operative position. The rocking of the arm, through the scissors 388 .and 387, rocks the latch arm 400 to its releasing position, to enable operation of the hammer 411. The movement of link 430 from operation of the hammer rocks the scissors counter-clockwise, as the force of spring 389 overcomes the force of spring 385 which holds the leg 387 down against pin 401. Hence, the scissors leg 387 is lifted out of engagement with pin 401 and the latch 400 can again latch the hammer 411 in its inoperative position, although the backtransfer key is latched in its operative position. At this point the link 430 is latched in its forward position, as will be described in section 4 hereafter; and this latching will remain effective until the back-transfer is completed and machine operation is terminated (described in section 9).

(3) Clear keyboard (FIGS. 6, 7 and 19) The operation of the hammer 411 (FIG. 6) is operative to clear the keyboard, for it is obvious that failure to clear the keyboard `before a back-transfer would result in an inaccurate transfer of values or a jamming of the mechanism. This is readily accomplished by means of a clearing link 440, the rear end of which is mounted on the pin 423 of hammer 411. The front end of the link 44) is pivotally mounted on a pin 441 carried by an arm 442. The arm 442 is rigidly mounted on the right end of the shaft 443 which is journalled in the `bracket 95 and the control plate 94. Thus, the release of the hammer 411 is effective to immediately rock the shaft 443 (clockwise in this figure). To the left of the right side frame S6, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 19, the shaft 443 carries a clearing finger 444 rigidly afiixed thereto. This finger is adapted to engage a pin 445 riveted to, or otherwise rigidly secured on, the forward end of the clearing link 122. It has already been mentioned that the rearward movement of the link 122 is effective to clear all of the values in the keyboard. It is, therefore, obvious that the first effect of the operation of the hammer 411 is to rock shaft 443 (clockwise in FIGS. 6 and 7, and counter-clockwise in FIG. 19) to operate the keyboard clearing mechanism and, therefore, release any value which may be standing therein at the time the back-transfer key 330 is operated.

It is obvious that if a value were locked in any order of the keyboard during a back-transfer operation, the resultant value transfer from the register to the selection mechanism would be inaccurate and might jam the mechanism. It is, therefore, essential that means be provided to prevent such a possibility. It is entirely possible to provide a mechanism which would be operated by the back-transfer key 330 which would return any ordinal key-board latching key .52 ,to its inoperative position and which would also .be effective to reset the keyboard lock 60 to its inoperative position. However, it is much simpler, and, therefore, practical, to provide interlocks which prevent operation of the back-transfer key 330 if any of the ordinal keyboard locks 52 are in their raised, or keyboard locking, position, or if the keyboard lock key 60 has been moved to its operative position. These interlocks will now be briefly mentioned.

The interlocks between the `back-transfer key 330 and the ordinal keyboard clearing and ordinal locking keys 52 comprise a pin 373 (FIG. 19) riveted to, or otherwise rigidly secured on, upper arm 361 of the two-armed lever 36). This pin cooperates with the hook 143 (FIG. 3) formed on the right-hand leg of the bail 140 associated with the ordinal keyboard clearing and locking keys 52. The bail is pivotally mounted on the front of the keyboard frame 101 by any suitable means, such as the :bar 141 on which it is suitably journalled. Normally, the bail is held in a retracted position by a suitable spring 142 tensioned between the hook 143 and the keyboard frame.

The lifting of any clearing key 52 to the key-locking position rocks the bail (counter-clockwise in FIG. 3) by means of the projecting nose 108 on the key stem which engages the lower edge of the bail. When the key is lifted and the bail is rocked, the hook 143 passes in front of the pin 373 and thereby prevents movement of the back-transfer key 330 and its key stem 331.

The interlock between the Iback-transfer key 330 and the keyboard lock key 60 is shown in FIG. 19. It has already been mentioned that the link 364, is mounted at its front end on the pin 366 on arm 361 of lever 360. It was mentioned that the spring 367 biases this link 364 rearwardly, and hence resiliently biases the back-transfer key 330 to its rearward, or inoperative, position. As shown in this figure, the link is extended rearwardly, the rear end being supported vby a pin-and-slot connection 371, 372 with an arm 368. The link 364 extends rearwardly to a point adjacent the key 60 and its rear end carries a laterally turned ear 369. This ear cooperates with a hook nose, or shoulder, 370 formed on the key stem of the key 60. The construction of the ear and the shoulder of projection 3711 is such that the key 60 can lbe rocked if the back-transfer key 330 is in its rearward and inoperative position, but the lower edge of the projection will engage the ear if the back-transfer key is in its forward or operative position. On the other hand, if the key 60 is vfirst rocked forwardly to its operative position, the offset portion of the projection 370 falls in front of the ear 369 and thereby prevents operation of the back-transfer key 330.

(4) Operate main clutch and motor drive (FIGS. 6, 5 and 18) The rocking of the hammer 411 and the consequent forward transation of link 430 (lFIG. 6) is utilized to operate the cl-utch and motor switch to start the drive mechanism rfor the machinew-with a slightly delayed action, or ylost motion, .to enable the release of the keyboard prior to the operation of `the drive mechanism. The rear end of the link `430 (FIG. 5) is pivotally supported on an arm `450 which is rigidly mounted on la short shaft 451 that is mounted in a bracket 452 (iFIG. 18) mounted on `the base plate 85 interiorly of the right side frame 86 and on a bracket (not shown, ybut connected to both the right side fra-me 86 -fand 'the right side control plate 94 to the right of the right side frame 86). T-he `shaft 451 `carries an larm 453 (iFIG. 18) which is rigidly mounted thereon. The Ilower end of this arm is adapted to engage a pin i213 (iwith a little lost motion) mounted on the rear end o-f the switch link y211). Thus the forward translation of link 430 pushes :the switch link 210 forwardly, after the vkeyboard clearing mechanism is operated. The yforward translation of the switch 'link 210 causes `the closing of a micro-switch Vwhich supplies power to the motor and also, as was outlined in connection with the description of the clutch and as shown in FIG. 5, operates the clutch control lever 205 to cause engagement of the clutch.v The machine is thus placed in opera-tion.

It should be mentioned at this point ythat the shaft 451 is latched in its operative yposition to hold the clutch engaged and the motor switch closed throughout the backtransfer operation. This latching is readily secured by means of anv arm 454 (FIG. 18), likewise rigidly secured on shaft 451. A pin 455 on the lower end of this arm is adapted to be engaged by a hook-shaped latch 456. Preferably the latchg456 is shaped as a bellcrank, is pivotally mounted on the bracket 452 by any suitable means, such as pin 457, 'and is biased to a latching position by `a suitable spring 45'8 tensioned between the bracket 452 and `a seat in the latch arm 456. This latch is effective to hold the arm 454 and shaft 451 in the operative position (clockwise from that shown in FIG. 18) until the end of a back-transfer operation. It can be noted here that the other leg of the bellcrank 4156 carries a pin 461 which is embraced within a slot 460 formed in the rear end of a link 459. When the backtransfer mechanism is operated the link 459 is translated forwardly, as will be described in section 6 hereafter.

Forward translation of link 459 rocks the latch 456 (5) Initiate operation of automatic shifting mechanism (FIGS. 5, 6 and J8) The third efrect of the forward translation o-f link 430 is to initiate operation of the automatic shifting rnechanism and condition it for operation in `connection with the back-transfer operation. Both results are secured by the rocking of the shaft 451 (FIGS. 5 and `18). A 4fourth arm 470 (FIG. 18) is rigidly mounted on the shaft 451, extending upwardly therefrom at a point immediately to the left of the right side frame. A pin 47'1 yat the free end of the arm "470 supports the rear end of a link 472. The forward end of the link 472 is provided with a slot 473 'which engages `a -pin *240 on an ar-m 241 axedto the bail 230. Thus, the rocking of shaft 45d. (clockwise in this figure) rocks the bail -1230 (clockwise from the position shown), to initiate an automatic shifting operation. lIn view of the fact that this automatic shifting or tabulating mechanism has been disclosed in a number olf patents, such as Friden, No. 2,315,780, Friden, No. 2,403,273, the Malavazos patent, No. 2,926,846, 4and is also adequately described in lthe Malavazos back-transfer patent, No. 3,045,907, it is believed unnecessary to describe the shifting operation in detail.

Simultaneously, the translation of link y430 (FIG. 5) is elfecti-ve to condition the -auxiliary tabulating hammer 232 for operation, and block operation of the normal hammer 231 which is utilized in a dividend entry operation. This conditioning is secured by the rocking of the three-armed lever 235 which is pivotally mounted on the right side frame plate 86 by any suitable means, such as pivot stud 236. This lever is normally biased to the position shown in FIG. 5 by any suitable means, such as a spring 245 tensioned between a lower arm 246 of lever 235 and an ear '434 -on the rear end of link '430. Overroc-king of the lever is prevented by means of a third Iar-m 247, the upper end of which normally abuts the shaft 451. A forward arm 248 in the normal position of lever 2315 lalbuts the pin 237 carried by the lower end of the auxiliary hammer 232. Thus, in the normal position of :the parts, the arm 248 blocks operation of the 18 hammer 232 when both hammers 231 and 232 are released by the operation of latch 234. However, when the link 430 is moved forwardly, the ear 434 thereon engages, after a little lost motion, the tip -249 of the arm 246, which arm is bent rearwardly as seen in .this gure. Engagement of ear 434 with nose 249 of arm 246, of course, rocks the three-armed lever 235 clockwise from the position shown to one in which the free end of arm 248 lies immediately behind the square stud 238 -aixed to the lower end of the dividend entry hammer 23'1- thereby blocking the -movement of hammer 2311 when both hammers are released -by the latch 234. Thus, when the link 430 is latched in its forward position, the automatic shifting mechanism is operated to cause shifting 'of the carriage to the position determined by the depressed tabulating key 78, which shifting operation is terminated when the desired ordinal position is reached. At this time, the latch 234 is operated. In normal operation, the hammer 2311 sets the digitation control shaft 168 to its additive position and effects an additional cycle of operation to enter the keyboard value into the register.

However, in the present instance, this hammer is blockedy from operation and the auxiliary hammer 232 is released yfor operation. The operation of the hammer 232 sets the lauxiliary or 'back-transfer clutch Ifor -a single cycle of operation, as will now be described.

(6) Auxiliary, 0r back-transfer, clutch (FIGS.

. and 2] Rocking of the auxiliary hammer 232 (FIG. 5) causes its upper arm to engage a roller 480 rotatably mounted on the lower, or free, end of an arm 481 that is aflixed to a shaft 482. The shaft 482 is journalled inthe right side frame 86 and bracket 452 and, in the interior of the-machine, carries an arm 483 (FIG. 18). The arm 483 supports a forwardly extending link 484 by any suitable means, such as pin 485. The front end of the link is supported by an arm 486 to which it is pivotally connected by means of a pin 487. This link, and the parts connected to it, are held in the retracted positionshown by a suitable spring 493 tensioned between a pin on the forward end of the link and a seat in a bracket 489. The arm 486 is rigidly mounted on a short shaft 488 which is journalled in a pair of brackets 489 and 490 (FIGS. 118 and 19) which are mounted on the base plate 85 in the interior of the machine. A clutch control arm 491 is rigidly mounted on the left end of shaft 488 to control 0peration of an auxiliary clutch 500 (best shown in FIG. 19).

The auxiliary clutch 500 is of customary construction similar to the main clutch 202, 203 shown in FIG. 5. Preferably, the auxiliary clutch comprises a single-tooth driving gear 501 rigidly secured on an auxiliary driving shaft 502. The auxiliary shaft is driven in synchronism with the main drive shaft 162 by means of gearing not shown herein, but fully shown in FIG. 10 of the Malavazos patent, No. 3,045,907 (shaft 502 herein being the same as shaft 1427 in that patent). A drivenplate 503 is rotatably mounted on shaft 502, immediately adjacent the single-toothed gear 501. This plate carries a clutch pawl 504 pivotally mounted thereon which is resiliently biased into engagement with the single-tooth gear by a spring 505. Normally, a shoulderl 506 on the pawl 504 engages a shoulder 492 on clutch control lever 491, there` by holding the clutch pawl 504 away from the singletooth gear, as shown in this figure. However, when the clutch control -lever 491 is rocked (clockwise in FIG. 19), shoulder 492 releases shoulder 506 and the clutch dog 504 is rocked into engagement with the single-tooth gear Sillin which case the ratchet tooth on the clutchk dog is engaged by single-tooth gear 501 to drive the plate 503 directly from the rotation of shaft 502. The rotation of the driven side 503 of the clutch 500 is effective: (a) to set the sensing mechanism to its operativel position to sense the values in the orders of the register aligned withv the keyboard (described insection 7); (b) to pull the 

1. IN A CALCULATOR HAVING A PLURALITY OF ORDINALLY ARRANGED ACCUMULATOR WHEELS AND A PLURLITY OF ORDINALLY ARRANGED AND DIFFERENTIALLY POSITIONABLE VALUE INDEXING MEANS, A BACK-TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR SETTING A VALUE STANDING IN SAID REGISTER WHEELS INTO THE COORDINAL VALUE INDEXING MEANS COMPRISING (A) A VALUE CAM REPRESENTATIVE OF THE VALUES REGISTERABLE IN ITS ACCUMULATOR WHEEL AFFIXED TO EACH ACCUMULATOR WHEEL, (B) MEANS FOR SENSING SAID VALUE CAMS, (C) A ROTATABLE STEPPED STOP CAM ADAPTED TO BE ENGAGED BY EACH INDEXING MEANS, THE RADII OF THE RESPECTIVE STEPS CORRESPONDING TO THE DIFFERENTIAL POSITIONS OF THE VALUE INDEXING MEANS, (D) MEANS OPERATED BY SAID SENSING MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID STOP CAM FROM AN INOPERATIVE TOWARD AN EXTREME OPERATIVE POSITION, (E) AN ACTUATING MECHANISM EFFECTIVE TO RESILIENTLY OPERRATE SAID SENSING MEANS AND THEREBY POSITION THE STOP CAM IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE VALUE POSITION OF THE COORDINAL VALUE CAMS, (F) MEANS FOR RESILIENTLY OPERATING THE VARIOUS VALUE INDEXING MEANS TOWARD AN EXTREME OPERATIVE POSITION IN ORDER TO ENGAGE THE COORDINAL STOP CAMS, AND (G) MEANS AND THE STOP CAMS INTHEIR ADJUSTED POSITIONS MEANS AND THE STOP CAMS IN THEIR ADJUSTED POSITIONS WHILE RELEASING THE SENSING MEANS FOR RETURN TO AN INOPERATIVE POSITION. 